All verbs in English are classified as either state or action verbs (also known as ‘dynamic verbs’). Action verbs describe actions we take (things we do) or things that happen. State verbs refer to the way things ‘are’ – their appearance, state of being, smell, etc. The most important difference between state and action verbs is that action verbs can be used in continuous forms while state verbs cannot.
We often use verbs to talk about actions:
We can use action verbs in different tenses, including continuous tenses:
We also use verbs to talk about states:
We don’t usually use state verbs in continuous tenses:
We often use state verbs to talk about mental or emotional states, thoughts and opinions:
believe | feel | forget |
hate | know | like |
love | mean | need |
need | remember | think |
want | understand | wish |
Other common state verbs can denote possession and senses:
be | belong | have |
own | possess | doubt |
feel | smell | see |
Some verbs can be both state and action verbs when they have different meanings:
Here we are using ‘think‘ and ‘feel’ to talk about opinions. They are state verbs so the continuous tense is not possible:
In the following examples ‘think’ and ‘feel’ are action verbs so we can use them in a continuous tense.
In the following example we are using ‘have’ to talk about possession. It is a state verb so the continuous tense is not possible:
Here ‘has’ means ‘eats’:
It is an action verb so we can use it in a continuous tense:
In this video from 7ESL, you’ll learn what state and action verbs are and how to use them:
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